ENDGAME · PAWN PLAY · DEFENCE · DRAWS

Two passers, two blockades

Kramnik and Aronian balance promotion threats in an opposite-coloured bishop ending. Vladimir Kramnik vs Levon Aronian, 20 March 2013.

22 minute studyAdvanced72 moves4 moments to think
Levon AronianWhite to move
Vladimir KramnikStarting position
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Standard starting position. White to move.

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THE STORY BEGINS

Every piece has a part to play.

This long drawn game from the 2013 Candidates moves from a central pawn break into a race between distant passed pawns. Each side has resources against the other’s promotion square. Follow the exchanges that leave opposite-coloured bishops, then compare the actual blockading tasks instead of treating that material label as an automatic draw.

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50. 51. 52. 53. 54. 55. 56. 57. 58. 59. 60. 61. 62. 63. 64. 65. 66. 67. 68. 69. 70. 71. 72.
GAME BALANCE · WHITE’S PERSPECTIVE+0.37
Accessible evaluation values & provenance

Stockfish 17.1 · 75,000 nodes per position; 1,000,000 at key moments. Actual depth 12–24. Positive centipawns favour White; mate scores remain separate. Selective search is evidence, not proof.

Download complete engine evidence

The story behind the game

This long drawn game from the 2013 Candidates moves from a central pawn break into a race between distant passed pawns. Each side has resources against the other’s promotion square. Follow the exchanges that leave opposite-coloured bishops, then compare the actual blockading tasks instead of treating that material label as an automatic draw.

Take these ideas to your next game

  1. Challenge the centre when the queen takes a wing pawn.
  2. Compare a rook exchange with the minor-piece ending it creates.
  3. An advanced passer can be stopped by a bishop from a distance.
  4. Opposite-coloured bishops require concrete analysis of both pawn fronts.
Read the complete annotated game

Full game transcript, including the result and the answers. Original explanations by chessgames.info; game score from the sources below.

1 . Nf3
1 … d5
2 . g3
2 … Bg4
3 . Bg2
3 … e6
4 . c4
4 … c6
5 . O-O
5 … Nf6
6 . cxd5
6 … Bxf3
7 . Bxf3
7 … cxd5
8 . Nc3
8 … Nc6
9 . d4
9 … Be7
10 . e3
10 … O-O
11 . Bd2
11 … Qb8
12 . Rc1
12 … Rc8
13 . Bg2
13 … b5
14 . e4
14 … b4
15 . Bf4
15 … Qb6
16 . Na4
16 … Qa5
17 . e5
17 … Nd7
18 . Be3
18 … Nb6
19 . Nxb6
19 … axb6
20 . f4
20 … Qxa2
21 . f5

f5 contests the centre while the black queen is far from it. The recorded pawn exchange opens new queen and rook possibilities, but Black keeps active resources. Compare the central captures and the targets on d5 before deciding whether the pawn raid was justified. Compensation depends on those lines, not on a general rule against taking pawns.

21 … exf5
22 . b3
22 … Qa5
23 . Qf3
23 … Nd8
24 . Qxd5
24 … Rxc1
25 . Rxc1
25 … Qxd5
26 . Bxd5
26 … Ra5
27 . Bf3
27 … Ra3
28 . Rc8
28 … Rxb3
29 . Kf2
29 … Rc3
30 . Rb8
30 … b3
31 . Rxb6
31 … g5
32 . Rb8
32 … Rc4
33 . d5

d5 advances the central pawn before the recorded rook exchange. The trade leaves minor pieces and competing passed pawns rather than a simple rook ending. Black’s b-pawn is already dangerous. Rebuild that new position and compare the bishop routes needed to control each promotion square.

33 … Rb4
34 . Rxb4
34 … Bxb4
35 . Bd1
35 … b2
36 . Bc2
36 … Nb7
37 . Bxg5
37 … Nc5
38 . Bxf5
38 … Na4
39 . d6

d6 advances White’s passer while the bishop continues to watch Black’s promotion square. A bishop can blockade a passed pawn from a distance. In this position the diagonal through e4, d3 and c2 matters even though the bishop has left c2. Compare both pawn races and the knights’ checks before deciding which passer is more dangerous.

39 … Nc3
40 . d7
40 … Ba5
41 . Ke3
41 … f6
42 . Bxf6
42 … Nd5+
43 . Kd4
43 … Nxf6
44 . exf6
44 … Kf7
45 . Bxh7
45 … Kxf6
46 . Kd5
46 … Ke7
47 . Kc6
47 … Kd8
48 . g4
48 … Be1
49 . h3
49 … Bh4
50 . Kd6
50 … Be7+
51 . Ke6
51 … Bh4
52 . Bb1
52 … Kc7
53 . Be4
53 … Kd8
54 . Bc2
54 … Kc7
55 . Bb1
55 … Kd8
56 . Be4
56 … Kc7
57 . Bd3
57 … Kd8
58 . Kd6
58 … Be7+
59 . Ke6
59 … Bh4
60 . Bf5
60 … Kc7
61 . Kf7

Kf7 allows the recorded promotion-and-capture sequence while redirecting the king. Black promotes, White’s bishop captures the new queen, and Black’s king takes the d-pawn. The resulting opposite-coloured bishop ending still contains kingside pawn play. Study the actual blockade and checks in the saved lines; the material alone is not a proof that every such ending is drawn.

61 … b1=Q
62 . Bxb1
62 … Kxd7
63 . Ba2
63 … Kd6
64 . Kg6
64 … Ke5
65 . Kh5
65 … Be7
66 . g5
66 … Kf4
67 . h4
67 … Kg3
68 . Bc4
68 … Bf8
69 . Be2
69 … Bg7
70 . Bc4
70 … Bf8
71 . g6
71 … Kf4
72 . Ba2
72 … Bg7

Result: 1/2-1/2. The recorded score ends here; it does not imply checkmate.

Think through the turning points

Move 21: Challenge the centre after the queen raid

Black’s queen has taken on a2. Which f-pawn advance challenges the pawn on e6? In the game: f5. f5 contests the centre while the black queen is far from it. The recorded pawn exchange opens new queen and rook possibilities, but Black keeps active resources. Compare the central captures and the targets on d5 before deciding whether the pawn raid was justified. Compensation depends on those lines, not on a general rule against taking pawns.

Engine-supported alternatives

f5 Nd8 f6 Bf8 Qd2 Rxc1 Rxc1 Nb7 fxg7 Bxg7 Bg5 Na5 · +1.13 · depth 20

Rf2 Nd8 Rxc8 Rxc8 h4 Ra8 Kh2 g6 h5 Qa4 Qe2 b3 · +0.30 · depth 20

Qe2 Nd8 f5 Rxc1 Rxc1 exf5 Qb5 Qxb2 Bxd5 Ra1 Qe8+ Bf8 · +0.28 · depth 20

Move 33: Create a central passer

Which d-pawn advance changes the centre while the rook is active on b8? In the game: d5. d5 advances the central pawn before the recorded rook exchange. The trade leaves minor pieces and competing passed pawns rather than a simple rook ending. Black’s b-pawn is already dangerous. Rebuild that new position and compare the bishop routes needed to control each promotion square.

Engine-supported alternatives

Bd5 Rc2+ Ke1 b2 Kd1 Rxh2 Ba2 f4 gxf4 gxf4 Bxf4 Rh4 · +0.35 · depth 20

d5 Rb4 Rxb4 Bxb4 Bd1 Bc3 Bxb3 Bxe5 Bxg5 Nb7 Bh6 Nc5 · +0.27 · depth 20

Rxb3 f4 gxf4 gxf4 Bxf4 Rxd4 Be3 Ra4 Bd5 Ra2+ Kg3 Kf8 · +0.09 · depth 20

Move 39: Advance while keeping the other promotion square covered

Which advance brings the d5-pawn closer to promotion? In the game: d6. d6 advances White’s passer while the bishop continues to watch Black’s promotion square. A bishop can blockade a passed pawn from a distance. In this position the diagonal through e4, d3 and c2 matters even though the bishop has left c2. Compare both pawn races and the knights’ checks before deciding which passer is more dangerous.

Engine-supported alternatives

d6 · +1.06 · depth 19

Ke3 Bc3 d6 Nb6 Bf4 Nd7 e6 fxe6 Bxe6+ Kg7 Ba2 Kf6 · +0.58 · depth 19

Kf3 Nb6 d6 Nd7 Bf4 Bc3 e6 fxe6 Bxe6+ Kf8 Ba2 Be5 · +0.46 · depth 19

Move 61: Allow a promotion that can be captured

Which king move from e6 heads toward the kingside while keeping the bishop’s answer to b1=Q available? In the game: Kf7. Kf7 allows the recorded promotion-and-capture sequence while redirecting the king. Black promotes, White’s bishop captures the new queen, and Black’s king takes the d-pawn. The resulting opposite-coloured bishop ending still contains kingside pawn play. Study the actual blockade and checks in the saved lines; the material alone is not a proof that every such ending is drawn.

Engine-supported alternatives

Be4 Kd8 Bf5 Kc7 Bg6 Bg5 Be4 Bh4 Bf5 Kc6 Kf7 b1=R · +0.61 · depth 24

Bg6 Bg5 Bf5 Bh4 Be4 Kd8 Bc2 Kc7 Bf5 Kc6 Kf7 b1=R · +0.63 · depth 23

Bc2 Kc6 Bf5 Kc7 Bg6 Bg5 Be4 Bh4 Bf5 Kc6 Kf7 b1=R · +0.61 · depth 23

Kf7 b1=Q · +0.71 · depth 26

A CONNECTED IDEA

A draw needs a concrete resource

Kramnik and Aronian control promotion squares with bishops; Kosteniuk keeps checking after the material changes. Compare those distinct defensive resources rather than treating a material label as a proof of a draw.

Try it in A rook offer that keeps the checks →

Pass the game on.

A good idea is even better shared.

Position images download as SVG. Exact links use saved, validated variations. Unsaved exploration links return to the main-game position.