STRATEGY · COORDINATION · PAWN PLAY

A central break behind a wing attack

Euwe opens the d-file after gaining queenside space. Max Euwe vs Alexander Alekhine, 1935.

18 minute studyIntermediate41 moves4 moments to think
Alexander AlekhineWhite to move
Max EuweStarting position
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Standard starting position. White to move.

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THE STORY BEGINS

Every piece has a part to play.

Euwe gains space on the queenside while Alekhine advances kingside pawns. White’s knight and rook remain active in the centre, and a later pawn break on d5 changes the heavy-piece exchanges. Compare the pressure on both wings with the central squares that make White’s next moves possible.

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41.
GAME BALANCE · WHITE’S PERSPECTIVE+0.37
Accessible evaluation values & provenance

Stockfish 17.1 · 75,000 nodes per position; 1,000,000 at key moments. Actual depth 13–21. Positive centipawns favour White; mate scores remain separate. Selective search is evidence, not proof.

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The story behind the game

Euwe gains space on the queenside while Alekhine advances kingside pawns. White’s knight and rook remain active in the centre, and a later pawn break on d5 changes the heavy-piece exchanges. Compare the pressure on both wings with the central squares that make White’s next moves possible.

Take these ideas to your next game

  1. A knight outpost can restrict central defenders.
  2. A rook lift needs support from the rest of the position.
  3. A fork can change which pieces should be exchanged.
  4. A central pawn break can open a rook’s entry file.
Read the complete annotated game

Full game transcript, including the result and the answers. Original explanations by chessgames.info; game score from the sources below.

1 . d4
1 … d5
2 . c4
2 … c6
3 . Nf3
3 … Nf6
4 . e3
4 … e6
5 . Nc3
5 … a6
6 . c5
6 … Nbd7
7 . b4
7 … a5
8 . b5
8 … Ne4
9 . Nxe4
9 … dxe4
10 . Nd2
10 … f5
11 . f3
11 … Qh4+
12 . g3
12 … Qh6
13 . Qe2
13 … Be7
14 . Bg2
14 … O-O
15 . O-O
15 … Nf6
16 . Nc4
16 … Bd8
17 . fxe4
17 … fxe4
18 . Nd6

a4 is the strongest saved candidate; b6 and Nd2 also receive credit. Euwe played Nd6, establishing the knight outpost. The saved comparison prefers preparing the position first, with Nd6 appearing later in the strongest line. Compare the pawn support and move order rather than treating an attractive outpost as automatically the best immediate move.

18 … Qg6
19 . b6
19 … Be7
20 . Nc4
20 … Qg5
21 . Bd2
21 … e5
22 . Nxe5
22 … Be6
23 . Rf4

Rf4 brings another piece into the central and kingside contest. Black attacks the rook with a pawn advance in the recorded continuation. White retreats to f2 and then doubles rooks on the f-file. Judge the lift through that later coordination as well as the immediate placement on the fourth rank.

23 … Qh6
24 . a3
24 … g5
25 . Rf2
25 … Qg7
26 . Raf1
26 … h5
27 . Kh1
27 … Qh7
28 . Bc3
28 … h4
29 . gxh4
29 … Qxh4
30 . Ng6

Ng6 forks Black’s queen and rook. Black saves the queen and White captures the rook on f8. The other black rook then recaptures. Count the whole exchange and compare the f-file that remains open for White’s rooks before choosing the next central pawn move.

30 … Qh7
31 . Nxf8
31 … Rxf8
32 . d5

d5 challenges a central defender and changes the rook exchanges. Black’s knight captures on d5, vacating f6. White can then exchange a rook on f8, after which the bishop and queen improve. The pawn offer matters through the cleared file and resulting activity, rather than a direct threat to promote.

32 … Nxd5
33 . Rxf8+
33 … Bxf8
34 . Bd4
34 … Be7
35 . Qf2
35 … Qh4
36 . Qxh4
36 … gxh4
37 . Bxe4
37 … Bd8
38 . Bf5
38 … Bxf5
39 . Rxf5
39 … Ne7
40 . Rf6
40 … Nc8
41 . Rxc6

Result: 1-0. The recorded score ends here; it does not imply checkmate.

Think through the turning points

Move 18: Support the queenside space

Which pawn advance supports the pawn on b5 from a4? In the game: Nd6. a4 is the strongest saved candidate; b6 and Nd2 also receive credit. Euwe played Nd6, establishing the knight outpost. The saved comparison prefers preparing the position first, with Nd6 appearing later in the strongest line. Compare the pawn support and move order rather than treating an attractive outpost as automatically the best immediate move.

Engine-supported alternatives

a4 Qg5 Nd6 Qg6 Qc2 Bd7 Nxb7 Be7 b6 Ng4 Nd6 Rxf1+ · +2.50 · depth 21

b6 Bd7 Ne5 Be8 Qc4 Nd7 Rxf8+ Kxf8 Nxd7+ Bxd7 Qc2 e5 · +2.43 · depth 21

Nd2 Qg6 b6 Be7 Bb2 Bd7 Rf4 e5 dxe5 Nd5 Nxe4 Nxf4 · +2.07 · depth 21

Nd6 Qg6 b6 Be7 Nc4 Ng4 h3 Nh6 Rxf8+ Bxf8 Kh2 Nf7 · +1.90 · depth 23

Move 23: Lift the rook before doubling

Which rook move from f1 reaches the fourth rank? In the game: Rf4. Rf4 brings another piece into the central and kingside contest. Black attacks the rook with a pawn advance in the recorded continuation. White retreats to f2 and then doubles rooks on the f-file. Judge the lift through that later coordination as well as the immediate placement on the fourth rank.

Engine-supported alternatives

a4 Rae8 Rac1 h5 Rf4 Qh6 h3 Bd5 Kh2 Qh7 Bc3 g5 · +2.23 · depth 20

Rf4 a4 a3 h5 Raf1 Qh6 h3 Rae8 Kh2 Bb3 Bb4 Bd5 · +2.07 · depth 19

a3 h5 Rf4 a4 Raf1 Qh6 h3 Rae8 Kh1 g5 R4f2 Qh7 · +2.03 · depth 19

Move 30: Fork the queen and rook

Which knight move attacks the queen on h4 and the rook on f8? In the game: Ng6. Ng6 forks Black’s queen and rook. Black saves the queen and White captures the rook on f8. The other black rook then recaptures. Count the whole exchange and compare the f-file that remains open for White’s rooks before choosing the next central pawn move.

Engine-supported alternatives

Ng6 Qh7 Nxf8 Rxf8 d5 Ng4 Rxf8+ Bxf8 h3 cxd5 Bd4 Qh4 · +4.23 · depth 20

Be1 Qh7 a4 Kg7 Rg1 Nd5 Rxf8 Rxf8 Bg3 Nb4 Rf1 Rxf1+ · +2.06 · depth 20

Rg1 Kg7 Be1 Qh7 Bf1 Nd5 Rfg2 Rf5 Qd2 Raf8 Bc4 Rf3 · +1.89 · depth 19

Move 32: Open the file through a central break

Which d-pawn advance attacks the bishop on e6? In the game: d5. d5 challenges a central defender and changes the rook exchanges. Black’s knight captures on d5, vacating f6. White can then exchange a rook on f8, after which the bishop and queen improve. The pawn offer matters through the cleared file and resulting activity, rather than a direct threat to promote.

Engine-supported alternatives

d5 Ng4 Rxf8+ Bxf8 h3 cxd5 Qe1 Bxc5 Qg3 Bc8 Bd4 Bxd4 · +4.07 · depth 21

Kg1 Qh6 d5 Bxd5 Bxf6 Bxf6 Qg4 Qg6 Kh1 Kg7 a4 Rf7 · +3.36 · depth 21

Rxf6 Rxf6 Rxf6 Bxf6 Bxa5 Qd7 Qc2 Bd5 Be1 Qe6 a4 g4 · +3.16 · depth 21

A CONNECTED IDEA

Change the structure with a central knight exchange

Compare the central break on d5 here with Euwe’s knight jump to d5 in another championship game. Track the pawn recapture and explain which rook or passed pawn benefits next.

Try it in The passed pawn that changes files →

Pass the game on.

A good idea is even better shared.

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