ENDGAME · ROOK ACTIVITY · PASSED PAWN

Change targets in the rook ending

Ding Liren creates a distant passer against Firouzja. Ding Liren vs Alireza Firouzja, 18 September 2019.

18 minute studyIntermediate67 moves4 moments to think
Alireza FirouzjaWhite to move
Ding LirenStarting position
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Legal moves only. Explore freely in Replay.
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Standard starting position. White to move.

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THE STORY BEGINS

Every piece has a part to play.

An early queen trade leaves a long positional struggle. Ding challenges the centre, later opens the kingside and uses rook activity to change the pawn balance on both flanks. The final a-pawn advance needs the king nearby. Study the sequence of targets rather than assuming an extra pawn wins a rook ending automatically.

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50. 51. 52. 53. 54. 55. 56. 57. 58. 59. 60. 61. 62. 63. 64. 65. 66. 67.
GAME BALANCE · WHITE’S PERSPECTIVE+0.37
Accessible evaluation values & provenance

Stockfish 17.1 · 75,000 nodes per position; 1,000,000 at key moments. Actual depth 12–26. Positive centipawns favour White; mate scores remain separate. Selective search is evidence, not proof.

Download complete engine evidence

The story behind the game

An early queen trade leaves a long positional struggle. Ding challenges the centre, later opens the kingside and uses rook activity to change the pawn balance on both flanks. The final a-pawn advance needs the king nearby. Study the sequence of targets rather than assuming an extra pawn wins a rook ending automatically.

Take these ideas to your next game

  1. A central pawn break can improve the king’s route.
  2. An open file lets a rook change targets.
  3. A capture with check can buy time in a pawn race.
  4. Support a distant passer with both rook and king.
Read the complete annotated game

Full game transcript, including the result and the answers. Original explanations by chessgames.info; game score from the sources below.

1 . Nf3
1 … d5
2 . d4
2 … Nf6
3 . c4
3 … e6
4 . Nc3
4 … Be7
5 . Bf4
5 … O-O
6 . e3
6 … Nbd7
7 . Be2
7 … dxc4
8 . O-O
8 … c5
9 . dxc5
9 … Nxc5
10 . Bxc4
10 … Qxd1
11 . Rfxd1
11 … b6
12 . Bd6
12 … Bxd6
13 . Rxd6
13 … Bb7
14 . Rad1
14 … Bxf3
15 . gxf3
15 … Rfc8
16 . Be2
16 … g5
17 . R6d4
17 … Kf8
18 . f4
18 … gxf4
19 . Rxf4
19 … Ke7
20 . Bf3
20 … Rg8+
21 . Kf1
21 … Rad8
22 . Rfd4
22 … Rxd4
23 . Rxd4
23 … Ncd7
24 . h3
24 … Rc8
25 . Ke2
25 … Rc5
26 . Rb4
26 … Ne5
27 . Rb5
27 … Nxf3
28 . Kxf3
28 … Nd7
29 . Ke2
29 … a5
30 . f4
30 … f5
31 . Kd3
31 … Rc6
32 . e4

e4 challenges the centre while White’s king can support the exchanges. Black checks with the knight before capturing on e4. The two knights are then exchanged on that square and White’s king recaptures. Follow the resulting king activity in the rook ending rather than evaluating the pawn exchange by structure alone.

32 … Nc5+
33 . Ke3
33 … fxe4
34 . Nxe4
34 … Nxe4
35 . Kxe4
35 … Kf6
36 . Kf3
36 … Rd6
37 . Kg4
37 … Rc6
38 . h4
38 … Rd6
39 . b3
39 … Kg6
40 . a4
40 … Kf6
41 . Kf3
41 … Rc6
42 . Ke4
42 … Rd6
43 . Rh5
43 … Kg6
44 . Rg5+
44 … Kf6
45 . Rb5
45 … Rc6
46 . f5

f5 changes the central pawns and opens further rook activity. Black captures with the e-pawn, checking White’s king. White’s rook recaptures with check, after which the h-pawn advances with another check. Count the forcing tempi and the remaining pawn targets on both wings.

46 … exf5+
47 . Rxf5+
47 … Kg6
48 . h5+
48 … Kh6
49 . Kd4
49 … Kg7
50 . Rg5+
50 … Kh6
51 . Rd5
51 … Kg7
52 . Rd7+
52 … Kh6
53 . Rb7
53 … Rf6
54 . Kc4
54 … Rf4+
55 . Kb5
55 … Kxh5
56 . Rxh7+

Rxh7+ takes a pawn while forcing the king to respond. Black’s king moves and White returns the rook to the b-file. Further pawn captures change the queenside structure. Trace which pawns remain after each capture instead of treating the check as a complete winning plan by itself.

56 … Kg5
57 . Rb7
57 … Rb4+
58 . Ka6
58 … Rxb3
59 . Rxb6
59 … Rd3
60 . Kxa5
60 … Kf5
61 . Ka6
61 … Ke5
62 . a5
62 … Rd7
63 . Rc6
63 … Kd5
64 . Kb6
64 … Rd8
65 . a6

a6 advances the outside passer with king support. Black checks on the b-file and later places the rook on the a-file. White must change the king’s route while keeping the pawn supported. Compare the checking distances and promotion control in the saved lines before pushing again.

65 … Rb8+
66 . Kc7
66 … Ra8
67 . Kb7

Result: 1-0. The recorded score ends here; it does not imply checkmate.

Think through the turning points

Move 32: Change the centre before the rook ending

Which pawn advance attacks Black’s pawn on f5? In the game: e4. e4 challenges the centre while White’s king can support the exchanges. Black checks with the knight before capturing on e4. The two knights are then exchanged on that square and White’s king recaptures. Follow the resulting king activity in the rook ending rather than evaluating the pawn exchange by structure alone.

Engine-supported alternatives

Ke2 Nc5 Kf3 Nd3 Ke2 Nxb2 Rxb2 Rxc3 Rxb6 Rc2+ Kd3 Rxa2 · -0.01 · depth 23

e4 Nc5+ · -0.03 · depth 23

Kd2 Nc5 Ne2 Ne4+ Ke1 Nd6 Rb3 b5 Nd4 Rc1+ Ke2 Rb1 · -0.03 · depth 22

Move 46: Open a new rook target

Which f-pawn advance challenges the pawn on e6? In the game: f5. f5 changes the central pawns and opens further rook activity. Black captures with the e-pawn, checking White’s king. White’s rook recaptures with check, after which the h-pawn advances with another check. Count the forcing tempi and the remaining pawn targets on both wings.

Engine-supported alternatives

f5 Ke7 Kd3 Rd6+ Ke3 Rc6 Ke4 Rd6 fxe6 Rxe6+ Kf5 Rf6+ · +0.03 · depth 26

Kd4 Rd6+ Ke4 Rc6 · +0.00 · depth 25

Kd3 Rd6+ Kc4 Rc6+ · +0.00 · depth 25

Move 56: Capture with a useful check

Which rook capture removes the pawn on h7 with check? In the game: Rxh7+. Rxh7+ takes a pawn while forcing the king to respond. Black’s king moves and White returns the rook to the b-file. Further pawn captures change the queenside structure. Trace which pawns remain after each capture instead of treating the check as a complete winning plan by itself.

Engine-supported alternatives

Rxh7+ Kg5 Kxb6 Rb4+ Kxa5 Rxb3 Rf7 Kg6 Rf2 Rg3 Ka6 Kh7 · +4.39 · depth 23

Ka6 h6 Rxb6 Rf5 Rb5 Kg4 Rxa5 Rxa5+ Kxa5 h5 b4 h4 · +0.20 · depth 23

Rxb6 Rf5+ Ka6 Kg5 b4 axb4 Rxb4 h5 a5 h4 Rxh4 Kxh4 · +0.07 · depth 23

Move 65: Support the distant passer

Which pawn advance reaches a6 beside the supporting king? In the game: a6. a6 advances the outside passer with king support. Black checks on the b-file and later places the rook on the a-file. White must change the king’s route while keeping the pawn supported. Compare the checking distances and promotion control in the saved lines before pushing again.

Engine-supported alternatives

Rc5+ Kd4 a6 Rb8+ Kc7 Ra8 Rc6 Rxa6 Rxa6 Kd5 Kb6 Kc4 · +4.80 · depth 20

a6 Rb8+ Kc7 Rb3 Rf6 Ra3 Kb7 Rb3+ Rb6 Re3 a7 Re7+ · +4.61 · depth 19

Kb7 Rh8 a6 Rh7+ Kb6 Kd4 Rd6+ Ke5 Rg6 Ke4 Re6+ Kd4 · +4.43 · depth 19

A CONNECTED IDEA

Connect the king’s route with the rook’s targets

Compare Ding’s changes of target with Capablanca’s rook-and-king activity. Identify which pawn the rook attacks and which safe square helps the king support the next step.

Try it in The king takes a walk →

Pass the game on.

A good idea is even better shared.

Position images download as SVG. Exact links use saved, validated variations. Unsaved exploration links return to the main-game position.